INFARCT

INFARCT 

Myocardial (from the Latin. Infarcire - stuff, fill)  - necrosis in a tissue or organ 

resulting from the termination or significant reduction of arterial inflow, at least - venous outflow.

Myocardial  - dying areas organ or tissue due to disturbances in blood supply it with the 

development of severe hypoxia.

Myocardial  - a vascular (circulatory) necrosis.

The causes are heart attack, thrombosis, embolism, prolonged spasm of the artery or functional body strain in low blood supply (the latter only occurs in myocardial infarction).

Form  a heart attack depends on the structural features of the vascular system of a body, the presence of anastomoses, collateral blood supply (angioarchitectonics). Thus, in the bodies of the main vessel having a triangular (conical, wedge-shaped) heart attacks, whereas the loose or a mixed type of branching vessels observed irregular shape of a heart attack. For color(appearance) isolated white, white with red hemorrhagic rim and heart attacks. For consistency heart attacks are tight and the City "are.

Kidney. Wedge-infarct cortex. The numbers "2" marked hemorahiynyy whisk.

1). White (ischemic, bloodless) resulting from myocardial lesions corresponding artery. These heart attacks occur in the spleen, brain, heart, kidneys and are in most cases kolikvatsiynyy coagulation or less (in the brain) necrosis. After about 24 hours from the start of myocardial necrosis zone is well visible, clearly contrasting his pale yellow or pale brown with a zone of preserved tissue. Between them lies the demarcation zone, represented by inflammatory leukocyte and macrophage infiltration and vessels flushed with formennyh diapedesis of blood up to the formation of small hemorrhages. In the myocardium and the kidneys due to a large number of vascular anastomoses and collaterals demarcation zone occupies a large area. In this regard, those of heart attack called ischemic with hemorrhagic rim.

2). The red (hemorrhagic) heart attack develops when arteries clogged and (rarely) veins and usually occurs in the lungs, intestines, ovaries, brain. Of great importance in the genesis of myocardial red is mixed type of blood supply and the presence of venous stasis. For example, thromboembolic obstruction or thrombus branch pulmonary artery anastomosis is on blood flow in the area of low pressure systems bronchial arteries with subsequent rupture of capillaries mezhalveolyarnyh partitions. In very rare cases, blocking these anastomoses (possibly in the presence of pneumonia the same location) in the lungs may develop white heart attack. Also extremely rare splenic vein thrombosis is not formed the white and red (venous) infarction of the spleen. The zone of necrosis seeping blood, giving diseased tissue dark red or black. Demarcation zone with myocardial not pronounced as it takes a small area.

Lung. At the bottom of the image necrotic tissue that is impregnated with blood "yu - hemorahiynyy heart attack. 

Within days of segmented neutrophils and macrophages rezorbuyut partially necrotic tissue. 7-10 Day is celebrated with growing demarcation zone of granulation tissue that gradually covers the entire area of ​​necrosis. There myocardial organization, its scarring. There is another favorable result - the formation of cysts on the site necrosis (oral, sometimes filled with fluid), which often occurs in the brain.

When small amounts of ischemic stroke (cerebral infarction) may be replacing its glial tissue with the formation of glial scar. Adverse outcomes of heart attack is his festering.